1 Precautions for operating scraper conveyor
1) Trial operation, after installation is completed, empty vehicle trial operation can be carried out. Attention should be paid to empty homework: it cannot be reversed and there should be no collision. The idle operation should not be less than 2 hours, and there should be no overheating phenomenon. The temperature rise of bearings and reducers should be within the specified range. After 2 hours of idle operation, if everything is normal, the load operation can be carried out.
2) Regularly check the working conditions of the equipment during operation, turn off the power when stopping to check for cracks in the conveyor belt, damage to the dustbin, and whether the belt joints are secure. Also, check for belt elongation, deviation, and other conditions.
3) An anti rotation device is installed at the head of the bucket elevator. When the power suddenly stops during the operation of the bucket elevator, the rotation of the bucket elevator is very risky.
4) There should be suction ducts and ventilation openings at the head and bottom of the bucket elevator to ensure that negative pressure and dust overflow will not occur during the unloading and feeding processes of the bucket elevator. A well manufactured transportation equipment must have a reliable seal.
5) Feed evenly. Stop the sudden increase in feeding volume. The feeding amount cannot exceed the transport capacity of the elevator. Otherwise, when the material accumulation at the bottom becomes severe, a "stuck car" incident may occur.
6) The bucket elevator should be driven with no load. So before each shutdown, all materials in the hopper should be drained before parking. Strictly adhere to the principle of 'no load start, no load parking'.
7) Before the bucket elevator is put into formal operation, it is necessary to conduct a detailed inspection of the main components of the machine head, tail, and body to ensure that all components meet the requirements, and that all barriers and protective plates are in place and safe and reliable; And inspect all engine, control, and communication equipment to ensure their technical condition is normal and outstanding.
8) Protective workers should carry out two tasks: regular patrol inspections and scheduled maintenance and upkeep. The intention of protection is to promptly deal with abnormal situations that often occur during equipment operation, ensuring the normal functioning of the equipment. It includes replacing some vulnerable parts, adjusting fastening and lubricating oil, etc., to keep the bucket elevator working in perfect condition. It is actually an important measure to avoid equipment incidents, improve working power, and extend the service life of equipment. Handle problems before they occur through scheduled inspections and maintenance.
9) When a blockage occurs in the bucket elevator, the feeding should be immediately stopped, the power should be cut off and locked, and after two-way verification to ensure safety, personnel should be organized to open the door at the bottom of the base, remove the blocked materials inside the machine, and not manually scrape the materials. After preparing the bucket belt for operation, feed from the beginning.
10) Regularly check the blockage status of the machine base, discharge chute, and flow pipe. If there are any blockages or gaps, they should be promptly removed and repaired to avoid dust flying out and ensure normal operation;
11) During the homework process, if there is a collision between the belt or hopper and the shell, and the collision is relatively mild, it can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the screw or bearing seat by one level. If the collision is severe, the machine should be stopped immediately to check and clean up the problem.
12) The safety alarm equipment of the bucket elevator, including belt deviation switch, outlet blockage switch, head wheel bearing temperature alarm switch, stall alarm switch and other safety equipment, is normal. If an alarm occurs, the first person should participate in the scene to investigate the factors and clean up the problems.
2 Common problems and countermeasures analysis of bucket elevator
1. Blockage
The tail casing is filled with materials, causing the belt to slip or fail to operate.
factor:
1) The feeding machine starts early and the elevator starts late;
2) The belt slips due to insufficient tension, and the tension of the belt is insufficient;
3) Excessive supply quantity;
4) A large piece of material fell into the machine base, causing the hopper to jam
5) Too much material is returned and blocked.
Methods to avoid elevator blockage:
1) Strictly follow the driving and parking procedures;
2) Adjust the tensioning equipment to ensure the necessary tension of the traction belt;
3) The feeding amount of the elevator is moderate and stable, even.
2. Return of materials
During the unloading process, materials that have not detached from the hopper or have detached from the hopper but have not entered the unloading pipe. Excessive material return from the hoist can lead to a decrease in transportation power and blockage of the base.
Return factor:
1) The movement speed of the hopper is inappropriate or does not comply with the unloading method, such as excessive speed during centrifugal unloading. Unloading too early, reflection enters the base; When unloading by gravity, the speed is too slow, the unloading is too late, and it falls into the base;
2) The shape of the casing is unreasonable or does not comply with the unloading method;
3) Blocked discharge outlet;
4) Inappropriate distance for fighting;
5) The gap between the discharge baffle and the return bucket of the elevator is large, and the discharge baffle is severely worn, causing some to return to the return bucket of the elevator during unloading.
terms of settlement:
1) Adjust the speed of the hoist and replace the method of the bucket;
2) Replace the machine head casing;
3) Clean the discharge port and unclog it;
4) Adjust the distance of the dustpan from scratch;
5) Adjust the height of the discharge baffle or replace it.
3. Belt deviation
Deviation factors:
1) The base of the head or bottom wheel is not on the horizontal line;
2) The belt joint is not aligned;
3) The degree of wear on both ends of the belt during operation is different, resulting in inconsistent tightness at both ends;
4) Uneven wear of the head wheel rubber;
5) The head wheel axle is not on the horizontal line;
6) The head and tail wheels are no longer on the same parallel line.
terms of settlement:
1) Check the straightness of the scraper from scratch and adjust the base of the head and tail wheels;
2) Connect the belt from the beginning;
3) Check the feeding method;
4) Replace the rubber of the head wheel;
5) Adjust the level of the head wheel and adjust the height of the bearing seat;
6) Check the casing of the hoist from scratch to determine if it is straight, then adjust the horizontal condition of the head wheel before adjusting the tail wheel.
Article source: Guangdong bucket elevator m.e-testing.net.cn
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